Molluscum contagiosum is a viral disease characterised by the development of small pink or flesh-coloured bumps on the skin, known as lesions[1]. These lesions are typically 2-6 mm in diameter and can occur on various parts of the body, including the face, neck, arms and trunk[2].

The virus that causes molluscum contagiosum is a member of the poxvirus family known as molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)[5]. This infectious skin disease is primarily transmitted through close physical contact or sexual contact with an infected person[3]. Although sexual transmission is a common mode of disease spread, molluscum contagiosum can also affect children under the age of 10 who come into contact with the virus through non-sexual means[6]. Additionally, individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying skin conditions may be at higher risk of developing molluscum contagiosum[7].

Several risk factors contribute to the transmission and spread of molluscum contagiosum, including close physical contact with infected individuals and sharing contaminated items such as towels or sports equipment[3]. In addition, the virus can remain latent in the body for up to four years, potentially leading to recurrent outbreaks and, in some cases, scarring[1]. Practising good hygiene habits, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding sharing personal items, can help prevent the spread of molluscum contagiosum and reduce the risk of contracting this viral skin infection.

 

Diagnosis and Treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum

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Diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum typically requires a medical examination by a dermatologist due to its characteristic clinical symptoms[4]. Diagnosis is based on the appearance of these distinct lesions, which are typically painless but can become itchy or inflamed. The dermatologist may also consider the patient's medical history and possible risk factors for infection, such as recent contact with an affected individual[3]. Through a thorough examination, the healthcare professional can accurately diagnose molluscum contagiosum and recommend appropriate treatment options depending on the severity and prevalence of the infection.

Treatment options for molluscum contagiosum vary depending on factors such as the patient's age, the number and location of lesions, and the overall severity of the infection[9][8]. T

Preventing the spread of molluscum contagiosum is very important, especially in congregate settings or between close contacts[10]. To minimise the risk of transmission and reinfection, individuals can follow certain prevention strategies and recommendations, including - Avoiding direct skin-to-skin contact with affected individuals - Avoiding sharing personal items such as towels, clothing - Keeping skin clean and dry to prevent the spread of the virus - Seeking immediate medical attention if new lesions appear or existing lesions show signs of infection By implementing these preventive measures and seeking appropriate medical care when necessary, individuals can effectively manage molluscum contagiosum and reduce the likelihood of recurrent infections[10].

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What are the common symptoms of molluscum contagiosum?

A: Symptoms of molluscum contagiosum include small, flesh-coloured or pink bumps with a pit in the centre, usually on the chest, arms, trunk, legs, face or genitals.

Q: How is molluscum contagiosum diagnosed by health care providers?

A: Health care providers typically diagnose molluscum contagiosum by examining the characteristic lesions and can sometimes confirm the diagnosis by skin biopsy or scraping.

Q: What are the treatment options available for molluscum contagiosum?

 

A: Treatment options for molluscum contagiosum include cryotherapy, curettage, laser therapy, topical medications.

Q: Can molluscum contagiosum cause any complications?

A: Complications of molluscum contagiosum are rare but can include secondary bacterial infections, scars, and emotional distress from the appearance of lesions.

Q: Is it possible for molluscum contagiosum to reappear after treatment?

A: Molluscum contagiosum can recur in some cases, especially if the immune system is weak and proper hygiene practices are not followed to prevent reinfection. Regular follow-up with health care providers is recommended.